Type A and Type B Personalities
Type A and Type B Personalities: Two personality categories, Type A and Type B, are described by the Type A and Type B personality hypotheses. Type A personalities are more competitive, highly organised, ambitious, impatient, extremely conscious of time management, and/or aggressive, according to this idea, while Type B personalities are more calm, less “neurotic,” “frantic,” and “explainable.”
Type A personalities, according to the two cardiologists who created this idea, have a higher risk of acquiring coronary heart disease. Following the findings of further studies and substantial debate about the tobacco industry’s involvement in supporting early research in this field, some people dispute the association between Type A personality and cardiovascular disease, either partly or fully. Nonetheless, this study had a substantial impact on the formation of the area of health psychology, which examines how a person’s mental state influences physical health.
Type A and Type B Personalities
A kind of person
Type A people are described as extroverted, ambitious, strictly ordered, very status-conscious, impatient, nervous, proactive, and time-conscious, according to the idea. Type A personalities are often high-achieving “workaholics.” They are driven by deadlines and despise both delays and ambiguity. People with Type A personalities are more stressed at work and have lower job satisfaction. It’s worth noting that Type A personalities don’t always outperform Type B personalities.
When there are difficult judgments to be made, it might lead to unsatisfactory outcomes depending on the work and the individual’s feeling of time urgency and control. Type A people, on the other hand, have been linked to increased performance and productivity in studies (Barling & Charbonneau, 1992; Bermudez, Perez-Garcia, & Sanchez-Elvira, 1990; Glass, 1977). Furthermore, Type A students tend to get better marks than Type B students (Waldron et al., 1980), and Type A faculty members have been demonstrated to be more productive than Type B faculty members (Taylor, Locke, Lee, & Gist, 1984).
Friedman says that harmful Type A conduct is manifested via three key symptoms in his 1996 book Type A Behavior: Its Diagnosis and Treatment, which deals with severe Type A behaviour.
Free-floating animosity, which may be sparked by insignificant events.
Time urgency and impatience, which generates irritability and annoyance, are sometimes referred to as “short-fused.”
A competitive drive that leads to tension and a goal-oriented mindset. The first of these symptoms is thought to be more subtle and so less visible, whilst the other two are more obvious.
Hasty, impatient, impulsive, hyperalert, possibly aggressive, and furious were described as characteristics of Type A persons. Type A personalities, according to research, cope with reality and have specific protections while dealing with challenges.
The Type A archetype may be split down into two aspects, according to Janet Spence’s study, which was analysed using a modified Jenkins activity survey with seven questions testing AS and five items assessing II. Achievement Striving (AS) and Impatience Irritability are the two elements (II). AS is a positive trait that is defined by hard labour, activity, and a serious attitude toward work.
II is unfavourable since it causes impatience, irritation, and rage. Day and Jreige’s subsequent work has clarified the independence of these two kinds of type A personality. They also clarified the relationships between AS and II subtypes and psychosocial consequences. AS was more significantly associated with work satisfaction, while II was associated with self-reported happiness and life satisfaction. The influence of work stressors (job control, role overload, and role ambiguity) on job happiness, life satisfaction, and perceived stress was shown to be moderated by AS and II subtypes.
Type A behaviour may be assessed using one of two ways. The SI is the first, while the Jenkins Activity Survey is the second (JAS) An interviewer measures a person’s emotional, nonverbal, and verbal reactions as part of the SI evaluation (your expressive style). The JAS consists of a self-assessment questionnaire divided into three sections: speed and impatience, job involvement, and hard-driving competitiveness.
Type B is the most common
Type B behaviours lack a pattern that Type A behaviours have. The A-B personality type is a spectrum in which one tends to be more Type A or Non Type A. (Type B).
Type B people, in contrast to Type A people, are described in the theory. Type B personalities are known for having lower stress levels by definition. They usually work consistently and appreciate success, yet they have a stronger proclivity to ignore physical or emotional hardship when they don’t succeed.
When competing, they may place less emphasis on winning or losing than their Type A counterparts, preferring to enjoy the game regardless of the outcome. Unlike the Type A personality’s rhythm of multi-tasking occupations, Type B personalities are often drawn to creative careers such as writing, counselling, therapy, and acting. Their personality may like delving into new ideas and notions.
Individuals with Type B personalities are more tolerant than those with Type A personalities. Members of senior management favour their relationship style, which demonstrates this. “…see things from a global viewpoint, promote cooperation, and exercise patience in decision-making…” Type B people may “…see things from a global perspective, encourage teamwork, and exercise patience in decision-making…”
Type A and Type B interrelationships
In their contacts with other Type As and Type Bs, Type As’ predisposition for competitiveness and violence is shown. Type A people provoked greater competitiveness and hostile sentiments from both Type A and Type B opponents in a modified Prisoner’s Dilemma game than Type B persons.
Type As penalised their Type A counterparts more than Type Bs did, while Type Bs punished other Type Bs more than Type As did. More aggressive conduct in their encounters revealed Type A rivalry, including initial antisocial behaviours, reluctance to cooperate, verbal threats, and behavioural challenges.