Individual and Group Behaviour

Organizational behavior is the study of how people work together and act as individuals in a business. People’s actions at work are looked at in this field of study.

It figures out how it will change the structure of the job, performance, communication, motivation, leadership, the ability to make decisions, and other things. There are two ways to look at how a person acts and how a group acts: internally and externally.

There are different levels of behaviour analysis.

Everyone in the organisation always looks at how people act, whether they are acting alone or with a group. It is looked at on three different levels:

Level of analysis for each person

A look at the group level

Level of analysis by organisation

Level of Analysis for Each Person

At this level of analysis, organisational behaviour uses a lot of ideas from medicine, engineering, and psychology. Organizational behaviour looks at how people learn, how they see things, how creative they are, what drives them, and their personalities.

It also looks at things like employee turnover, how well people do their jobs and how they are evaluated, coordinated behaviour, bad behaviour at work, ethics, and thought.

For instance, Ram starts out as an intern at a company and is eager to learn. But as time goes on and he gets promoted, he stops being nice to his interns. Individual level of analysis is shown very well in this case.

Level of Analysis for a Group

When looked at at this level, organisational behaviour uses ideas from sociology and socio-psychology. At the group level, organisational behaviour looks at things like group gestures, disagreements within and between groups, and attachment.

It includes studying things like leadership, power, norms, networks, roles, and how people talk to each other.

The directors of company X decide to give their employees a bonus because they worked so hard on a project. This is an example of this level of analysis.

Level of Analysis by Organization

At this level, sociology and political science are used to study organisational behaviour. At this level, organisational behaviour looks at things like organisational culture, structure, cultural diversity, and how organisations work together and coordinate.

It also looks at disagreements, change, technology, and outside forces that affect the environment. Sociology, psychology, and ergonomics are some other fields of study that are related to organisational behaviour and make it more interesting.

To get a good grasp on the subject and avoid any kind of confusion, let’s look at an example on a number of levels and try to figure out what it means.

Behavior of an Individual

Behavior is a person’s mix of responses to things happening inside and outside of them. It’s how someone acts and talks about different feelings, like love, anger, happiness, etc.

Let’s learn about the individual behaviour framework and some other important parts of it to get a quick idea of how people behave.

Framework for Individual Behavior

Based on these parts, psychologist Kurt Lewin came up with the Field theory and the behaviour framework. This theory in psychology looks at how people interact with their surroundings in patterns. The theory is shown by the equation B = F(P,E), where B is behaviour, F is the function of behaviour, P is the person, and E is the environment around the person.

For instance, a well-paid person who loses his job during a recession might act differently when he doesn’t have a job.

Reasons why people act the way they do

The way someone acts in everyday life and in emergencies is based on some traits that make them unique. These traits are put into the following groups: (a) Inherited Traits

People inherit traits from their parents or ancestors. These traits are called inherited traits. In other words, the gifted traits that a person has by birth are thought to be inherited traits.

The following traits are thought to be inherited traits:

• What colour of eyes someone has
• Race or religion of a person
• How the nose looks
• How the earlobes look (b) Traits that are learned

No one is born knowing everything. Our school is our home first, then our community, and finally our educational institutions. Learned characteristics are the traits that a person picks up by watching, practising, and learning from other people and their environment.

It is made up of the following parts:

• Perception is what you see, hear, feel, and other senses tell you.
• Values: affect how you see a situation and how you make decisions.
• Personality is made up of patterns in how you think, feel, understand, and act.
• Attitude: Having a positive or negative attitude is like saying what you think.

Factors that affect how people act

Many things affect how a person handles a situation, whether they do it alone or with a group. The most important things that affect a person’s behaviour in both their personal and social life are

• Abilities
• Gender
• History and race
• Attribution
• Perception
• Attitude

How a Group Acts

A group is made up of two or more people who depend on and interact with each other and work together to achieve certain goals. One way to describe group behaviour is as a family-like path that a group takes. Take the word “Strike.”

Different Kinds of Groups

People form two different kinds of groups. Of course, there are also more casual groups. Tell us about these teams.

Groups with rules

These are the types of work groups that the company sets up. They have clear tasks and assignments that they need to complete. The way these kinds of groups act is meant to help the organisation reach its goals.

There are two more subgroups that can be made out of formal groups:

This is the command group, which is made up of people who work directly for the manager.

Interest Group: An interest group is a collection of people who work together to reach a common goal.

Not Official Groups

People in these groups get together because they are friends and share interests.

These can be broken down even further into two small groups:

Group task: Task groups are groups of people who work together to finish a job or task.

Friendship group: A friendship group is a group of people who are brought together because they have similar interests or traits.

As an example, a group of workers on a project who all report to the same boss is called a command group. On the other hand, a group of friends hanging out is called an interest group, or club members.

Parts of a Group

Rolls are an idea that applies to everyone who works for a company and to their personal lives outside of work. A person’s role is the set of behaviours that people expect them to display when they are in that position in the social unit.

People have more than one job at the same time. The people who work there try to figure out what is expected of them. When people have different expectations of their roles, this is called role conflict.

Behavior in a Group: An Example

Let’s use an example to better understand how people act in groups.

To work on a certain project, Rohit, Raj, Sid, and Rahul work together as a group. No one can finish the project by themselves because it would take too long and none of them have the skills they need to finish it. This means that everyone needs to work together.

Moving on, let’s talk about what their roles are. Rohit is the one who starts the project because he comes up with the idea. Raj finds all the resources and information that are needed for the project and then tells everyone about it. Sid makes things clearer by figuring out what the data means and saving more detailed information. Rahul, on the other hand, is the summarizer because he sums up the project’s results and lists what needs to be done by the end of it. These are the roles that focus on tasks.

It’s likely that people will have different ideas when they get together to share them. Rohit tries to settle all disagreements and conflicts first and is the peacemaker. Sid is the gatekeeper and makes sure that everyone is giving the project their full support and effort. Raj is the encourager and picks people up when they don’t want to work harder to finish the project. Rahul tests the project at every stage and looks at the big decision that needs to be made and is the consensus tester. These are the roles that each member plays in terms of relationships.

Each of them has their own set of tasks to complete. We call Rohit the dominator because he tries to be the group leader and force his ideas on everyone else. Rahul, on the other hand, is always coming up with reasons not to do the work that has been given to him, which makes him the voider. Raj, on the other hand, is always against everything but never comes up with a new idea, which makes him the blocker. And Sid, who takes part in every group activity but doesn’t contribute anything, makes him the cavalier